Arthroscopy in children
Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems in the joints. It involves inserting a thin, flexible instrument called an arthroscope through small incisions in the skin. The arthroscope is equipped with a camera and a lighting system that enables doctors to visually examine the internal structures of the joint.
WHAT IS IT USED FOR?
Arthroscopy can also be performed in children to diagnose and treat joint problems. This may involve various joints such as the knee, shoulder, elbow, or ankle. The procedure allows doctors to carefully examine the internal structures of the joint to identify damage to cartilage, ligaments, or other issues. In addition to diagnostic purposes, arthroscopy can also be used to treat certain conditions in children. For example, if cartilage damage is discovered during the procedure, the doctor may perform repair or reconstruction of the cartilage. Fragments of cartilage or damaged structures that may cause pain or limited joint mobility can also be removed.
WHEN IS IT INDICATED?
Arthroscopy in children may be indicated in the following situations:
Diagnosis: When there is unexplained or recurrent pain in the child's joint and other diagnostic procedures such as X-rays or magnetic resonance imaging have not provided clear results, arthroscopy may be used for direct visualization and diagnosis of internal problems in the joint. Cartilage damage: If there is suspicion of cartilage damage in the child's joint or it is confirmed through radiological methods, arthroscopy can be used to assess the condition of the cartilage and decide on further treatment. This may involve repair or reconstruction of the cartilage, removal of cartilage fragments, or other procedures aimed at preserving the joint. Ligament or tendon damage: If there is an injury to the ligaments or tendons in the child's joint, arthroscopy can be used to visualize the damage and determine the need for surgical treatment. The surgeon may perform ligament or tendon repair, removal of damaged parts, or other procedures to improve the stability and function of the joint. Synovitis or inflammation of the joint capsule: If the child has inflammation of the joint capsule (synovitis) that does not respond to conservative treatment, arthroscopy may be used to directly examine the capsule and, if necessary, remove the inflamed tissue.
HOW TO PREPARE?
Consultation with the doctor: The first step is to schedule a consultation with the pediatric surgeon who will perform the arthroscopy. During the consultation, the child's symptoms will be discussed, medical history reviewed, and a detailed physical examination conducted. The doctor will explain the arthroscopy procedure, discuss expected outcomes and potential risks, and answer any questions from the child's parents or guardians. Preoperative evaluation: Before the operation, the child will need a preoperative evaluation that may involve laboratory tests, X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, or other diagnostic procedures. During the initial examination, the doctor will inform parents of all the details. Anesthesiology: Arthroscopy is usually performed under general anesthesia in children. The anesthesiologist will assess the child's suitability for anesthesia and provide detailed instructions on how to prepare the child for the procedure. Preparing the child: Parents should follow instructions to ensure the child is fasting and adhere to the exact schedule. It is also important to inform the doctor about all medications the child is currently taking, including vitamin supplements or herbal products, to avoid interactions with anesthesia. Logistics: Transportation for the child to the hospital on the day of the operation should be arranged. It is also advisable to bring comfortable clothing, personal items, and all necessary documents and medical records for the child.
