Laser treatment of varicose veins
Laser vein surgery, or endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), is a minimally invasive method by which varicose (enlarged) veins in the legs are removed. With a loss of elasticity, enlarged veins no longer serve their physiological function, and the goal of the procedure is to close the enlarged vein using laser energy and redirect venous blood flow to healthy veins. The operation is indicated because, with the loss of function, enlarged veins cause skin damage, pain, swelling, and nighttime cramps in the leg.
HOW IS IT PERFORMED?
The procedure is performed by inserting a thin tube, known as a catheter, into the vein, through which laser fibers are introduced. The laser then emits a high-energy light beam that heats the inside of the vein and causes the vein to close. Once the vein is closed, blood cannot flow through it, causing blood pressure within it to decrease, and the vein gradually shrinks and disappears. The procedure lasts about an hour and is performed under local anesthesia. After that, the patient can leave the clinic the same day and continue with their daily activities. Laser vein surgery is considered a safe and effective method for treating varicose veins, and its success depends on the degree of vein enlargement and the surgeon’s experience. If necessary and medically indicated, laser treatment can be combined with other methods of vein treatment to achieve the best possible results.
HOW TO PREPARE?
Before laser vein surgery, a consultation with a vascular surgeon is necessary to determine the degree of vein enlargement and assess whether this type of treatment is suitable for the patient.
Preparation for laser vein surgery includes:
- Consultation with a doctor: Be sure to consult your doctor and inform them about all medications you are taking, as well as any other health problems you may have.
- Arrange transportation: It is necessary to arrange transportation home, as you cannot drive after the surgery.
- Dress code: Comfortable clothing such as sweatpants or light clothes is recommended.
- Avoid using cosmetics: It is important to avoid using any cosmetics, lotions, or creams in the area being treated with laser surgery.
- Inform your doctor of allergies: Inform your doctor about any allergies you have, particularly to medications.
- Stop smoking: Smoking hinders the wound healing process and can affect the success of the surgery, so it is recommended to stop smoking at least 2 weeks prior to the procedure.
- Dietary rules: It is recommended to avoid alcohol and coffee at least 24 hours before the procedure.
- Medications: If you are taking any medications, such as anticoagulants or anti-inflammatory drugs, inform your doctor so that you can agree on which medications to stop taking before the surgery.
- After the surgery: Inform your doctor of any symptoms that occur after the surgery, such as swelling, pain, or bleeding. Also, follow the instructions on how to properly care for the operated area.
HOW DOES THE POSTOPERATIVE PROCESS FLOW?
The postoperative process after laser vein surgery can vary from person to person, but is usually similar for most patients. After the surgery, the patient can return home the same day. Here are a few steps that should be part of the postoperative process:
- The first few days: During the first few days after the surgery, the patient may experience mild pain and swelling in the treated vein area. It is recommended to rest and avoid strenuous activities, as well as to wear elastic stockings recommended by the doctor.
- Walking: Patients are advised to walk as often as possible to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of blood clots.
- Cold compresses: Cold compresses on the treated vein area can help reduce swelling and pain.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: If necessary, the doctor may recommend non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and swelling.
- Follow-up: Patients usually have a follow-up appointment with their doctor after a week to check the condition of the treated veins.
- Resuming activities: After a week, the patient can return to daily activities, but should avoid strenuous activities, such as running and lifting heavy objects.
- Anticoagulants: In some cases, the doctor may recommend anticoagulant medications to reduce the risk of blood clots.
- Monitoring: The patient should continue to monitor the condition of the treated veins and report any symptoms that arise after the surgery to the doctor.
- Recovery time: Recovery after laser vein surgery typically lasts about 1-2 weeks, but can vary depending on the patient and the severity of the surgery. In case of any questions or problems, the patient should always contact their doctor.
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