Ultrasound Densitometry

Ultrasound densitometry is a diagnostic procedure used to measure bone density using ultrasound. Unlike traditional densitometry performed using X-ray (DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), ultrasound densitometry uses sound waves to assess bone density and structure. Ultrasound densitometry is often used as a screening tool to assess the risk of osteoporosis, especially in older individuals, post-menopausal women, and others with risk factors for reduced bone mass.

How is it performed?

It is most commonly performed on peripheral bones, such as the heel bone (calcaneus) or wrist. During the procedure, a device that emits ultrasound is placed against the skin over the bone being examined, often using ultrasound gel for better transmission of sound waves. The device measures the speed of sound waves passing through the bone and their attenuation (weakening), which provides information about bone density and quality. The results are usually expressed as a T-score, which compares the bone density measurement with what is expected in a healthy young population.