Incision and extirpation of the Bartholin gland

Incision and extirpation of the Bartholin gland are surgical procedures used to treat problems related to the Bartholin glands. The Bartholin glands are two small glands located on the left and right sides of the vaginal opening, and their primary function is the production of lubricant that facilitates sexual intercourse.

Incision of the Bartholin gland

An incision (cut) of the Bartholin gland is usually performed when a cyst or abscess forms in the gland. These formations can develop if the gland's duct is blocked, preventing normal drainage of secretions. During the incision, the surgeon makes a small cut on the cyst or abscess to allow drainage of the accumulated material. The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia, and the patient can go home the same day.

Extirpation of the Bartholin gland

Extirpation involves the complete removal of the Bartholin gland and is usually recommended only in cases where other treatment methods, such as incision or marsupialization (creating a permanent opening for drainage), have failed, or when cysts/abscesses have recurred. The extirpation procedure can be performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the size and complexity of the problem. Extirpation is a more invasive procedure and may require a longer recovery.

When are the procedures indicated?

Bartholin cyst or abscess: The most common indication for these procedures is the presence of a cyst or abscess in the Bartholin gland. Cysts develop when the duct of the gland becomes blocked, while abscesses form when an infection develops in the obstructed gland. Failure of conservative treatment: If conservative treatment methods, such as warm sitz baths or antibiotics, do not resolve the problem or if there is a recurrence of the cyst or abscess. Large or painful cysts/abscesses: Large cysts or abscesses that cause significant discomfort, pain, difficulties in walking, sitting, sexual intercourse, or other activities. Chronic or recurring cysts: In cases where cysts regularly recur or become chronic, extirpation of the gland may be recommended to permanently solve the problem. Suspected malignancy: Although rare, if there is suspicion of malignant changes in the Bartholin gland, a biopsy or extirpation may be recommended. Incision is usually considered the first step in treatment, especially in cases of acute abscesses, while extirpation is seen as a last resort, applicable in cases where other methods do not yield results or when there is a risk of complications.